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Simple Present :

Active : Mary helps john

Passive : john is helped by Mary



Present Continuous:
Active : Mary is helping john

Passive : john is being helped by Mary



Present Perfect:

Active : Mary has helped john

Passive : john has been helped by Mary



Simple Past:

Active : Mary helped john

Passive : john was helped by Mary



Past continuous:

Active : Mary was helping john

Passive : john was being helped by Mary



Past Perfect:

Active : Mary had helped john

Passive : john had been helped by Mary



Simple Future:

Active : Mary will help john

Passive : john will be helped by Mary



Be going to:

Active : Mary is going to help john

Passive : john is going to be helped by Mary



Future Perfect:

Active : Mary will have helped john

Passive : john will have been helped Mary



Note: The continuous forms of the present perfect , past perfect , future and future perfect are very rarely used in the passive.
Active :Etken (İşin özne tarafından yapıldığı belliyse) Passive:Edilgen (İşin özne tarafından yapıldığı belli değilse)

Verbs that can be used in the passive :

1.Most transitive verbs can be used in the passive. A transitive verb is a verb which has an object.



The police caught the thief


The thief was caught by police

2. Intransitive verbs cannot be used in the passive . An intransitive verb is a verb which does not have an object.

Rodney fell and hurt his leg.

Passive constructions with the infinitive:

Doğru olup olmadığını bilmediğimiz bir bilgi aktar mak istediğimizde veya bu bilginin kaynağını vermek istemediğimizde passive yapıyı şu fiillerle kullanırız :

think ,believe , report , consider , know , say , expect , + infinitive.

1. Bilgi şu anki bir durumla ilgiliyse :

passive + infinitive.

örn: The queen is believed to be one of the richest people in the world.

örn: Mr Smit is thought to be staying with friends

2. Bilgi geçmişteki bir durumla ilgiliyse:

passive + the past infinitive ( to have + past particip le )

örn: Cher is said to have had a face lift.

NOT: The passive of doing = being done ,

seeing = being seen.
Örnekler:

Active: I don't like people telling me what to do

Passive: I don't like being told what to do

Active: Mr Miller hates people keeping him waiting

Passive:Mr miller hates being kept waiting


ACTIVE MODAL
PASSIVE MODAL


Bob will mail it
it will be mailed by bob

Bob can mail it
it can be mailed by bob

Bob should mail it
it should be mailed by bob

Bob ought to mail it
it ought to be mailed by bob

Bob must mail it
it must be mailed by bob

Bob has to mail it
it has to be mailed by bob

Bob may mail it
it may be mailed by bob

Bob might mail it
it might be mailed by bob

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